A Study to assess the Effectiveness of Video-Assisted Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Menstrual Hygiene among Adolescent Girls at selected school in Rudrapur, Udham Singh Nagar
Mrs. Priyanka Joshi1*, Ms. Anshika2, Mr. Arun2, Ms. Deepa2, Ms. Himani Kaira2, Ms. Kamla Koranga2,
Ms. Kusum Kumari2, Miss. Manpreet Kaur2, Ms. Preeti Pandey2, Ms. Rajni Kirola2, Ms. Ranjana Rana2, Ms. Rekha2
1Nursing Tutor, Droan College of Nursing, Vill and Post, Khanpur Purab Dineshpur Road,
Rudrapur- 263153, Uttarakhand, India.
2Third Year B. Sc Nursing students, Droan College of Nursing, Vill and Post, Khanpur Purab Dineshpur Road, Rudrapur- 263153, Uttarakhand, India.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: priyankapandey0566@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Adolescent phase in girls is a transition from girlhood to womanhood and marks the onset of female puberty. Puberty is the age at which the internal reproductive organs reach maturity, usually between the age of 11 to 15 years and Menarche is a biological, psychological, social, as well as behavioral transition for an adolescent girl from girlhood to womanhood. Menstruation is the most important physiological and biological sign of female puberty. It is the results of changes in hormones in the body and it’s a natural phenomenon; most of the adolescent girls have some wrong beliefs and behavior regarding menstruation. The main of this study is to provide adequate knowledge about menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls. It will help to develop and improve the hygienic pattern of menstruation and reduce the risk of reproductive tract infections. Methodology: To achieve the objectives of the study quantitative research approach was used in the study; pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design was selected. The data were collected from 45 Adolescent girls from 6th to 9th standard students of Guru Ram Das International School Rudrapur, Udham Singh Nagar Uttarakhand. And the non probability purposive sampling technique was used. The tools used for the study was (1) structured questionnaire to assess the socio-demographic data and (2) Structured questionnaire to assess knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene. Result: The finding of study revealed that the mean post-test knowledge score (18.80) was significant greater than the pre-test knowledge score (13.57) of experimental group of student, [t (44) = 9.47, P<0.05]. The result showed that there was significant association between knowledge of student regarding menstrual hygiene with per month family income and previous knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene as the Chi square value for per month family income and (25.76, P<0.05) and previous knowledge about menstrual hygiene (6.78, P<0.05). The knowledge of student regarding menstrual hygiene was improved.
KEYWORDS: Socio demographic data.
INTRODUCTION:
Adolescent period is considered between the age of 11-15 years, among girls and boys both. This period of attaining reproductive maturity between the ages of 11-15 years is marked by a number of physiological, biological, behavioral and psychological changes, the most notable being the onset of menstruation.1 Menarche is the first menstrual cycle, or first menstrual bleeding in girls. Menarche often comes with anxiety, fear, confusion and depression. Menstruation is the process in the women of discharging blood and other mucosal tissues from the lining of the uterus. It is the result of changes in hormones in the body. It is a natural phenomenon; most of the adolescent girls have some wrong beliefs and behavior regarding menstruation. Poor menstrual hygiene is linked with several risks of infections. Today millions of adolescent girls are suffering from reproductive tract infections. Before bringing any changes in menstrual practices, only adequate knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene and correct perception can protect the adolescence girls suffering from reproductive tract infections. The adolescent girls should be educated about the facts of menstruation, physiological and biological changes, about the significance of menstruation and development of secondary sexual characters, and above all about proper hygienic practices and selection of disposable sanitary menstrual absorbent.2
NEED FOR THE STUDY:
The main purpose of the present research study is to provide awareness about menarche, menstrual hygiene and other health concept which is related to female reproductive health through video-assisted teaching program and it will helps to promote more positive outlook on menstruation. Hence, the present study will helps to improve the knowledge of adolescent girls and to gain confidence, shed their inhibitions and to ask questions confidently regarding this tabooed subject.
RESEARCH STATEMENT:
“A study to assess the Effectiveness of Video-Assisted Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Menstrual Hygiene among Adolescent Girls at Selected school in Rudrapur, Udham Singh Nagar”.
OBJECTIVES:
The objectives of the study are to:
· Assess the knowledge of adolescent girls on menstrual hygiene.
· Evaluate the effectiveness of Video-Assisted Teaching programme (VATP) on menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls.
· Determine the association between pre-test knowledge score with selected socio-demographic variables.
OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS:
Study: Study refers to the activity of learning about menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls.
Assess:
Assess refers to judge or decide the value, quality or importance of knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls.
Effectiveness:
It is the capability of producing a desired result or the ability to produce desired output among the adolescent girls.
Video-Assisted Teaching Programme:
It refers to a planned teaching material of lecture combine with video that contain information regarding menstrual hygiene.
Knowledge:
Knowledge refers to the facts, information and skills acquired by the adolescent girls through Video Assisted Teaching Programme.
Menstrual hygiene:
It refers to the hygienic practices during the time of menstruation.
Adolescent girl:
It refers to the girls who are in the age of 11 to 15 years.
School:
School refers to an institution which offers formal education for the students in between the age group of 11-15 years.
HYPOTHESIS:
H01: There will be a significant difference in knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among the adolescent girls after administering video-assisted teaching programme.
H01: There will be a significant association of pre-test knowledge score with selected socio-demographic variables.
RESEARCH METODOLOGY:
Research Approach:
Quantitative research approach
Research Design:
Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test research design
Population of the study:
The target population of this study was the group of adolescent girls of Guru Ram Das International School in Rudrapur U.S. Nagar Uttarakhand.
Sample:
In this study sample consist of 6th to 9th standard student of Guru Ram Das International School Rudrapur, Udham Singh Nagar Uttarakhand.
Sample Size:
Sample size was 45 Adolescent girls.
Sampling Techniques: Non probability: purposive sampling techniques.
Data collecting Tools/Instruments:
Tool I: Structured questionnaire to assess the socio-demographic data
Tool II: Structured knowledge questionnaire to assess knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
Table 1: Frequency and percentage distribution of samples based on occupation of parents, family income per month, any previous knowledge about menstrual hygiene and source of information. (n=45)
|
S. No. |
Socio demographic variables |
Frequency (f) |
% |
|
1. |
Occupation of parents: |
||
|
Father |
|||
|
a. Government employ |
5 |
11.1 |
|
|
b. Private employ |
37 |
82.2 |
|
|
c. Other |
3 |
6.7 |
|
|
Mother |
|||
|
a. Government employ |
3 |
6.7 |
|
|
b. Private employ |
7 |
15.6 |
|
|
c. Other |
35 |
77.7 |
|
|
2. |
Family income per month: |
||
|
a. below 10000 |
2 |
4.4 |
|
|
b. 11000-15000 |
13 |
28.9 |
|
|
c. Above 15000 |
30 |
66.7 |
|
|
3. |
Any previous knowledge about menstrual hygiene: |
||
|
a. Yes |
29 |
64.4 |
|
|
b. No |
16 |
35.6 |
|
|
4. |
Source of information: |
||
|
a. Parents/ relatives |
34 |
75.5 |
|
|
b. Teachers |
3 |
6.7 |
|
|
c. Mass media/social media |
3 |
6.7 |
|
|
d. Peer group |
1 |
2.2 |
|
|
e. Others |
4 |
8.9 |
|
Assessment of level of knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene before and after administration of Video- Assisted Teaching Programme
Table 2: Frequency and percentage distribution of samples based on pre-test and post test level of knowledge score. (n=45)
|
Level of knowledge |
Pre-test |
Post-test |
||
|
Frequency (f) |
% |
Frequency (f) |
% |
|
|
Poor |
6 |
13.33 |
0 |
0 |
|
Average |
29 |
64.44 |
8 |
17.78 |
|
Good |
10 |
22.22 |
37 |
82.22 |
Table 2 shows that in pre-test majority 64.44% of the adolescent girls had average knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene, about 22.22% of the adolescent girls had good knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene and only 13.33% of the adolescent girls had poor knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene. In post-test maximum 82.22% of the adolescent girls had good knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene and 70.78% of the adolescent girls had average knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene? It shows that adolescent girls acquired more knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene after administration of video- assisted teaching programme (VATP).
Table 3 shows that the mean post test knowledge score (18.80) is significantly greater than the mean pre test knowledge score (13.57) of experimental group of adolescent girls [t ( 44) = 9.47, P <0.05] Hence it is evident that the video assistant program is effective module for improving the knowledge of adolescent girls regarding menstrual hygiene.
Table 3: Analysis of the effectiveness of Video-Assisted Teaching programme on knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls (n=45)
|
Group |
Knowledge Score |
Mean |
SD |
Paired t value |
P value |
95% CI |
|
Experimental group |
Pre- test |
13.57 |
4.23 |
9.47 |
.001* |
12.33-14.80 |
|
Post-test |
18.80 |
3.31 |
17.83-19.76 |
*Significance at 0.05 level
Table 4: Association between level of knowledge of adolescent girls regarding menstrual hygiene with selected socio-demographic variables. (n=45)
|
S. No. |
Socio demographic variables |
Level of knowledge |
DF |
Chi Square |
P value |
||
|
Poor |
Average |
Good |
|||||
|
1. |
Age in years: |
||||||
|
a. 11-12 |
5 |
19 |
3 |
2 |
4.85 |
0.88 |
|
|
b. 13-14 |
2 |
9 |
7 |
||||
|
2. |
Age at menarche: |
||||||
|
a. 11-15 years |
2 |
13 |
6 |
2 |
2.4 |
0.3 |
|
|
b. Not attained |
5 |
16 |
3 |
||||
|
3. |
Religion: |
||||||
|
a. Hindu |
4 |
16 |
3 |
||||
|
b. Muslim |
2 |
1 |
0 |
||||
|
c. Christian |
0 |
0 |
1 |
8 |
11.1 |
0.19 |
|
|
d. Sikh |
3 |
10 |
3 |
||||
|
e. others |
0 |
2 |
0 |
||||
|
4. |
Type of family: |
||||||
|
a. Nuclear |
4 |
11 |
3 |
||||
|
b. Joint |
0 |
19 |
5 |
6 |
7.44 |
0.48 |
|
|
c. Single parent family |
0 |
2 |
0 |
||||
|
d. others |
0 |
2 |
0 |
||||
|
5. |
Residence: |
||||||
|
a. Rural |
2 |
11 |
3 |
||||
|
b. Urban |
3 |
16 |
4 |
4 |
0.97 |
0.91 |
|
|
c. Semi urban |
1 |
3 |
2 |
||||
|
6. |
Educational status of father: |
||||||
|
a. Illiterate |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
b. 5th pass |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||||
|
c. High school |
1 |
7 |
5 |
6 |
7.12 |
0.3 |
|
|
d. Matrix |
0 |
6 |
2 |
||||
|
e. Graduated/post graduated |
3 |
17 |
3 |
||||
|
7. |
Educational status of Mother: |
||||||
|
a. Illiterate |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
b. 5th pass |
0 |
1 |
1 |
6 |
3 |
0.8 |
|
|
c. High school |
2 |
6 |
4 |
||||
|
d. Matrix |
1 |
6 |
1 |
||||
|
e. Graduated/post graduated |
3 |
16 |
4 |
||||
|
8. |
Occupation of parents Father: |
||||||
|
a. Government employ |
2 |
2 |
1 |
||||
|
b. Private employ |
4 |
26 |
7 |
4 |
4.13 |
0.38 |
|
|
c. Unemployed |
0 |
2 |
1 |
||||
|
9. |
Mother |
||||||
|
Government employ |
2 |
1 |
0 |
||||
|
Private employ |
1 |
5 |
1 |
4 |
8.56 |
0.07 |
|
|
Unemployed |
3 |
23 |
9 |
||||
|
10. |
Family income per month |
||||||
|
a. below 10000 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
b. 11000-15000 |
3 |
10 |
0 |
4 |
25.76 |
0.03* |
|
|
c. Above 15000 |
0 |
20 |
10 |
||||
|
11. |
Any previous knowledge about menstrual hygiene: |
||||||
|
a. Yes |
2 |
18 |
9 |
2 |
6.78 |
0.03* |
|
|
b. No |
5 |
10 |
1 |
||||
|
12. |
Source of information |
||||||
|
a. Parents/relatives |
4 |
24 |
6 |
||||
|
b. Teachers |
0 |
2 |
1 |
||||
|
c. Mass media/social media |
0 |
3 |
0 |
12 |
7.96 |
0.78 |
|
|
d. Peer group |
0 |
1 |
0 |
||||
|
e. Others |
2 |
1 |
1 |
||||
Table 4 shows that there will be a significant association between the pre-test knowledge score with selected socio-demographic variables. The results showed that there is a significant association between knowledge of adolescent girls regarding menstrual hygiene with per month family income and previous knowledge about menstrual hygiene as the chi square value of family income per month(25.76, P<0.05) and previous knowledge about menstrual hygiene (6.78, P<0.05).
CONCLUSION:
These study findings revealed that video-assisted teaching programme was an effective module in improving the knowledge of adolescent girls regarding menstrual hygiene. There was a significant association between knowledge of adolescent girls regarding menstrual hygiene with per month family income and the post test knowledge score was significantly greater than the pre test knowledge score.
REFERENCE:
1. Ghai Essential Paediatrics. Eight Edition. New Delhi: CBS Publishers and Distributors; 2013; 63-69.
2. Miss. P. Sandhya. A study effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on knowledge and practice regarding menstrual health among adolescent girls in selected schools at Madurai (oct 2015).
Received on 03.03.2021 Modified on 22.03.2021
Accepted on 14.04.2021 © AandV Publications all right reserved
Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2021; 9(3):271-274.
DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2021.00064